McKay asked me to post this. I hope it helps, it's not perfect but just wanted to give you a prompt I use in preparing a sermon and something I do in my own personal bible reading. In the "Problem" section of the PPGR template, we rely on tools that help us diagnose the nature and implications of sin in a passage. To move past surface-level application, we must uncover the primary problem facing both the original audience and our contemporary listeners. While pastorally identifying "little brother sins" versus "big brother sins" (moralism vs. licentiousness) is deeply helpful, we can dig even deeper into the human heart by asking the "Two Tables Question." The "Two Tables" refer to the structural division of God’s Law: - Table 1 (Commandments 1–4): Our duties and sins directly against God. - Table 2 (Commandments 5–10): Our duties and sins directly against our neighbor. - According to 1 John 3:4, sin is lawlessness. Every single sin in human experience and every moral failure exposed in Scripture points back to a transgression or breach of God’s Law. In Jesus’ Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5–7), He exposes the true depth and reach of these commands: God’s Law is not merely an external standard of behavioral compliance; it demands perfect internal conformity of the heart. To hate is to murder; to lust is to commit adultery. God demands that His law be kept perfectly, personally, and perpetually (Leviticus 18:5; Galatians 3:10) a standard no fallen human can achieve, and a standard that points us directly to Jesus Christ, who came to fulfill the Law on our behalf (Matthew 5:17). When we apply the "Two Tables Question" in sermon preparation, we examine a passage's problem not only through external manifestations, but through the hidden, internal sins that expose our heart's underlying idols. Table 1: Sins Directly Against God: Commandment 1: You Shall Have No Other Gods Before Me - External Sins: Openly worshiping false deities, practicing pagan or occult rituals, vocal atheism or apostasy, and actively choosing worldliness over obedience to God. - Internal Sins: Secretly trusting in created things (wealth, reputation, intellect, relationships) for ultimate security, comfort, or identity; self-deification (wanting to be the sovereign lord of your own life); heart-atheism; failing to love, fear, and delight in God above all else.