7d • PROTOCOLS 🔬🧬
Allergies/ Hayfever protocol
This guide will cover:
- Why allergies occur
- What might be behind allergies & biological links
- Blood markers that indicate Th2/ histamine/ immune imbalance
- Natural anti-histamines & herbs
- Deeper layers of physiology to address
- Deeper supplemental support
Let's dive in...
Why allergies occur
Allergies are primarily driven by a dominance of the Th2 immune response (which can be due to factors such as parasites, ) leading to a higher production of interleukins such as IL-4 and IL-13 which increases IgE antibody levels which then bind to mast cells and basophils triggering degranulation and subsequent release of histamine - causing classic histamine symptoms such as allergies.
When the gut lining is impaired (leaky gut), this results in food antigens, lipopolysaccharides, bacteria, cell membrane components such as beta-glucan, candida and fungi and microbial by-products such as acetyl aldehyde and Hydrogen sulphide into the bloodstream.
Once these enter the circulation, they can travel to almost anywhere in the body - such as the brain, sinuses, lungs etc etc. In the case of allergies these may enter the lungs and sinus regions causing inflammation and permeability of those tissues.
Now, when antigens such as pollen, dust and animal fur enters the lungs - they are already in a dysfunctional state to respond appropriately - antigens now cross through the lung epithelial tissue to activate dendritic cells which then cause the B cell >>> IgE production >>> binds mast cells >>> histamine is released cascade.
In studies and through mechanistic data, allergies can and have been linked to:
- Low beneficial bacteria Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium - which produces butyrate needed for T regulatory cell expansion.
- Low microbiome diversity
- Dysbiosis / an unhealthy microbial environment (especially during younger developmental years)
- Lipopolysaccharides / Gut infections
- Histamine overload (can be due to overproduction, lack of systems needed to break down & metabolise histamine such as DAO - Diamine Oxidase, HMNT bottlenecks and genetic SNP's)
- Parasites/ Helminths -
- Low vitamin D levels - Vitamin D lowers IgE production from B cells, also by lowering Th2 + Th17 whilst increasing T regulatory cell expansion. This is very important
- Low POMC and Melanin
- Mould and mycotoxins
Blood markers that can shed light on what's going on internally:
- Oesinophils - indicate allergies, histamine increase as oesinophils respond to antigens, largely found in the gut and the lungs, can indicate worms.
- Basophils - contain histamine and are associated with inflammation. basophils in the tissue are referred to mast cells. high basophils are linked to leaky gut (not just by thermselves but with neutrophils, globulin, vitamin D), parasites and allergies
- Vitamin D - reduces allergic responses, increases T regulatory cells, reduces Th2
- Vitamin A - needed for vitamin D to function properly, and the gut lining
- Globulin - increases in globulin can indicate leaky gut, infection, immune activity
- IgE - responder to interleukins which then binds to mast cells to cause histamine release
There are mast cell stabilisers (which protect mast cells from bursting - degranulating), inhibitors (which block mast cell receptor sites such as H1). We want to target both
Main natural mast cell inhibitors:
- Black seed oil - shown to be very effective at reducing symptoms of allergies in studies of humans taking BSO, Nigellone (an active compound in BSO) revents calcium influx into mast cells preventing histamine release. Thymoquinone also helps by blocking Protein Kinase C which is an enzyme needed for mast cells to release histamine. Black seed oil lowers inflammation which helps to lower the signalling (INF-y and IL-33, IL-4) to mast cells.
- Quercetin - Prevents calcium entry, blocks the master switch of inflammation - NF-KB
- Boswellia serrata - inhibits 5-LOX which lowers Leukotrienes that can activate mast cells and have been linked to swelling and allergy symptoms. Also great for SIBO, inflammation such as TNFa and oxidative stress.
- EGCG - Blocks calcium from entering the cell so that it cannot open and release histamine. Also blocks Histidine Decarboxylase to reduce histamine synthesis, and lowers inflammation.
- Luteolin - downregulates IL-4 which can bind to mast cells, releasing histamine. Also lowers TNFa
- PEA (mast cell-microglial crosstalk), nettle tea and Lactoferrin are also great
- Passionflower - stabilises mast cells and lowers excitability of histamine in the nervous system via GABA
Each compound will have different specific areas to benefit such as the nervous system/ hormones or the immune function. So selecting the one that has targets what you want for your case is important here
Addressing deeper layers of physiology can be extremely helpful here, this means looking at:
- ROS/ Oxidative stress - as this can cause mast cell degranulation. Therefore Vitamin C, Glutathione (which needs magnesium, Cystine, B2 selenium), Vitamin E, Black seed oil to support,
- Gut dysbiosis/ infections - as an overabundance of gram negative proteobacteria leads to overproduction of LPS which can activate mast cells to release histamine
- Candida and yeast - known to activate Th2 pathway which ramps histamine release via IgE binding to mast cells
- Parasites - stimulate IL- 4 production which causes Th2 cell expansion from CD4+ (T helper) cells
- Mould and Mycotoxins - causes oxidative stress in dendritic cells which lower IL-12 production, needed to suppress the Th2 response. Gliotoxin and Patulin increased Th2 dominance in one study
- IL-4 and IL-5 driven inflammation - activates and attracts eosinophils
- Methylation for HNMT to work properly so B12, B9, B6, B2, Magnesium, Choline, Zinc, TMG
- Supporting DAO (Diamine Oxidase) which is extremely important as this breaks down gut histamine which can actually increase gut permeability which will exacerbate allergic responses and T-helper immune imbalance - so this means making sure sufficient Copper, Calcium, B6, B2, Vitamin C,
- Improving gut production of DAO by ensuring enough, collagen/ gelatine, Vitamin C, Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Zinc, Selenium and potentially Curcumin, BPC, TB-500, Lactoferrin, PEA, Chinese Skullcap if leaky gut issues are severe
- SNP's (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) in HNMT and or DAO which metabolise histamine
Other supplements that can be utilised to improve systems deeper than just 'blocking' histamine include:
- Vitamin D3 + K2
- Butyrate or prebiotics that result in butyrate production
- Curcumin - lowers TNFa and IL-6 to help lower systemic inflammation contributing to immune dysfunction and calm things down
- GHK copper peptide (oral or sub-q) - lowers NFKB which puts the brakes on high levels of inflammation
- DAO - can help when gut production of DAO enzyme is low to help dig yourself out of the hole when trying to tolerate more foods whilst healing the gut lining and reducing allergy/ histamine symptoms
- NAC for mould/ mycotoxin exposure to lower oxidative stress, potentially also Modified Citrus Pectin and Black seed oil
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Allergies/ Hayfever protocol
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