One of my biggest concerns when buying rabbits is something many people never think to ask about: Has this rabbit been allowed on the ground? That does not mean a rabbit that has touched grass is automatically sick. It does not mean every outdoor rabbit is carrying parasites. It means something much simpler: ground exposure changes that rabbit’s biosecurity history. If someone wants to pasture their own closed herd, use rabbit tractors, or let rabbits play in the yard, that is their husbandry decision. What concerns me is when rabbits with that exposure are sold into other breeding herds without the buyer being told. I deliberately maintain my rabbits off the ground. If I purchase an animal that has been running through soil visited by wild rabbits, raccoons, cats, rodents, ticks and other wildlife, I may be importing exposures I specifically designed my management system to avoid. And keeping rabbits separated from the ground is not a strange modern invention. It has a surprisingly long history. Rabbits have been confined for centuries The Romans maintained European rabbits in managed enclosures called leporaria, and later medieval rabbit production developed around warrens. Those systems were not equivalent to modern cages and generally involved managed populations rather than individually housed domestic rabbits. As rabbit domestication developed, husbandry changed. Agricultural writings from 1572 and 1600 distinguished wild rabbits, warren rabbits and domestic rabbits maintained in clapiers. Breeding does were maintained separately, while bucks were housed apart except for mating. Individual confinement was therefore already part of domestic rabbit husbandry by the beginning of the seventeenth century (Lebas, Tudela & Gidenne, 2010). Historical research from England shows the same general transition. Domestic rabbits were being raised in hutches, sheds, pens, courtyards, lofts, cellars and specialized rabbit pits during the sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries (Thick, 2016).